The Central Dogma consists of two major steps: transcription and translation. Together they are known as gene expression. The first step is transcription, its when information stored in a gene's DNA is transferred to a similar molecule called RNA, in the cell's nucleus. The second step is translation, which is getting from a gene to a protein, this process takes place in the cytoplasm. Its when the mRNA interacts with a specialized complex called a ribosome which "reads" the sequence of mRNA bases.
DNA is a nucleic acid which store and transmit hereditary, or genetic information, it contains the sugar deoxyribose. I learned that DNA is the universal code of life. DNA stands for DioxyriboNucleic Acid. DNA is built of ACTG. A always pairs with T, and C always pairs with G.
A gene is a sequence of DNA that codes for a protein and thus determines a trait. Genes are the directions for building all the proteins that makes our bodies function. Genes are made of DNA, one strand of our DNA contains many genes.
Transcription and Translation are the two steps of the Central Dogma, which together they are known as gene expression. Cells use this two steps to read each gene and produce the dtring of amino acids that makes up a protein.
A protein is a macromolecule that contains carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, and nitrogen; needed by the body for growth and repair and to make up enzymes. Proteins are the machines that make all living things function. Cells contain many proteins.
I learned why does a firefly glow. It grows to attract mates. They will flash signals back and forth as a sign to communicate. Another reason is that its light helps it to keep predators away.
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